Answer a)
To answer this question,We have supposedly taken a location of fisheries that is approximately 33° N latitude off the Californian coast. We are using dragging and trawling means to collect the fishes and they are mostly Pacific flatfish like halibut and flounder. Now let us see the questions and answer them.
• Advantages of fisher’s location - Thermohaline circulation and surface ocean currents
• One important advantage is this that there is thermocline present one the south of Pacific. This causes the upward movement of cooler, dense and nutrient rich water towards the surface and replaces the water that is nutrient deficient and warm. This nutrients can become diet of fish and attracts good enough number of fish in the area.
• The location is also valuable in terms that It is adjacent to the ocean currents, it affect better development of larval community by providing better nourishment opportunity. This can enhance the amount of fish that can be caught and used.
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Answer b)
El Niño-Southern Oscillation s:
It is a phenomenon during which the water temperature in the sea/water body drifts in such a way that it causes an unusual periodical form in the temperature of wind and surface of sea/water body.
Effect on the process of fish catching:
This El Niño-Southern Oscillation cause a shifting of nutrients due to which fish do not get enough food to eat and grow. They can also alter the weather patterns and pattern of water current and winds that can cause problem for the fish to settle in the ocean. Therefore, during these unfavorable events, catching fish will become difficult for a person.
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Answer c)
Sustainability of fishing method:
The method of fishing we are using is not purely sustainable. It mainly attempts to compete with the other fisheries and maximize the profit and thus badly compromises the life of marine organisms in various ways. The methodology of fishing uses long line containing hundreds of hooks that is put in the water. Though it can efficiently catch fish but it can harm the life of many other marine organisms by causing them injuries.
Alternate ways we can use:
- We are considering to use an alternate way of catching fish called spear fishing, that does not harm other population and catches the fish in one time. It is more sustainable and can be adopted.
- Moreover, there is another method called regular hook and line method in which there is no catch of other marine organisms and is more sustainable than long line.
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Answer d)
Two pieces of legislation that regulate fishing in U.S.
1) The Marine Mammal Protection Act:
This law seriously prohibits the killing, hunting, harassment or export of marine mammals.
This law is important and keeps reminding us to ensure the safety of all marine mammals and donot even mistakenly use our catch that can target or harm sea mammals.
2) Fisheries Act of 1996
This law prohibits the managers and workers of fisheries to exceed the fish catching beyond a certain limit or in simple words, prohibits overfishing. To ensure the law is working, the regulatory authorities assess the fish population time by time.
This also helps us in doing the fishing in a sustainable way that can ultimately benefit both human and nature.
Hope it help!
