Answer:
The correct answer would be a. Fragments of DNA that have desired genes are isolated to form recombinant DNA for use in a host.
Genetic engineering refers to the direct manipulation or modification of the desired gene in a cell in order to produce novel or improved organism.
It includes isolation of DNA fragment that has desired gene such antibiotic resistance gene, pest resistance gene et cetera. It is done with the help of restriction endonuclease.
The isolated gene is then copied or cloned with the help of polymerase chain reaction or cloning vector.
The cloned gene is then transferred to the cell of the host organism. It can be done with the help of various techniques such as micro-injections, plasmid vectors, non-pathogenic viral vector, gene gum, T-plasmid et cetera. It depends on the type of host cell.
The transformed cell will have the desired characteristics or trait.
Answer:
281474976710656
Explanation:
As each half hour passes, the colony of bacteria doubles. Initially, the numbers are fairly low, but the amounts become larger and larger as they compound.
Hour 0- 1
Hour 0.5- 2
Hour 1- 4
Hour 1.5- 8
Hour 2- 16
Hour 2.5- 32
By hour 10, the bacteria will have increased to 1048576. By hour 15, the number of bacteria will be 1073741824. By hour 24, the colony will contain 281474976710656 bacteria.
Answer:
Isotonic- cells will not change
Hypotonic-cells will swell
Hypertonic- cells will shrink
They can both be used to identify organisms. Also, the phenotype of an organism is different depending on the genotype of the organism, making them relate to one another.
Hope this helps. Good luck! :)
Collagen has: A. pyrrolidine rings, which stabilize helices and glycine residues at every third position (because only glycine residues can fit inside of the super-helical cable).
Collagen can be defined as the main or most abundant structural protein found in the bones, tendons, connective tissues, skin and muscles of a living organism such as a human being.
Basically, collagen is a chemical substance (protein) made up of amino-acids and it holds the human body together.
Hence, collagen typically makes up about 30% of the proteins contained within the human body.
Additionally, collagen comprises the following specific amino-acids:
Each of the three chains of a collagen triple helix with 3.3 residues per turn, is normally stabilized by the steric repulsion between the pyrrolidine rings of hydroxyproline, glycine and proline residues.
Therefore, the pyrrolidine rings of collagen helps in the stabilization of helices and glycine residues, at every third position because the only residue that fits inside of the super-helical cable is the glycine residues.
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