The activation by concanavalin A Con A of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in the presence of monocytes as accessory cells were once investigated in cultures uncovered to microgravity prerequisites in Spacelab. Activation of T cells used to be measured as the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA, secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma, and expression of IL-2 receptors. Whereas, as observed in earlier experiments, the activation of resuspended T cells is strongly inhibited, activation of cells attached to microcarrier beads is greater than doubled in microgravity. The results suggest that the depression of the activation in resuspended cells may also be attributed to a malfunction of monocytes performing as accessory cells. Though the ultrastructure of resuspended monocytes is now not altered in microgravity, the secretion of IL-1 is strongly inhibited. Our data propose that (1) IL-2 is produced independently of IL-1, (2) IL-1 production is brought about only when monocytes (and lymphocytes?) adhere to microcarriers, (3) the expression of IL-2 receptors depends on IL-1, and (4) furnished enough IL-1 is available, activation is better in microgravity. Finally, cultures of resuspended PBLs and monocytes in microgravity represent a whole and natural gadget in which monocytes are now not operational. This can also be beneficial for research of the position of accent cells and cell-cell interactions in T lymphocyte activation.
A lymphocyte is a kind of white blood cell. Enlarge. Blood cells. Blood consists of many types of cells: white blood cells (monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages), pink blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets. Blood circulates through the body in the arteries and veins.
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