The powers accorded to the states in the tenth amendment are known as Reserved Power.
The federal government is expressly given some rights or jurisdiction under the United States Constitution. An amendment to the Constitution was adopted to indicate that all powers not specifically provided to Congress or the President are reserved for the states, or the people, alone. This was done in an effort to prevent the newly formed government from overstepping its bounds or misusing its powers.
People are more bonded to and loyal to their state governments, which is at the heart of the idea of reserved powers. This was particularly true at the time the Constitution was drafted because the majority of people spent their entire lives in an area no larger than 20 miles.
The Tenth Amendment made it clearer what authority the vague federal government maintained over the populace and which powers would be exercised by the states where the populace resided. In essence, the states have the capacity to exercise any rights that are not explicitly granted to the federal government or "enumerated" by it.
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