The probability that the inspector finds exactly one nonconforming part is 0.4091.
<h3>What is combination?</h3>
Combination is a selection of items from a collection in which the order of selection is irrelevant. Probability is defined as the ratio of favorable outcomes to total outcomes.
Now, according to the question;
Let X represent the event in which the inspector discovers a nonconforming part.
An inspector selects three parts at random from among the twelve, and two cavities have been affected by a temperature malfunction, resulting in parts that do not meet specifications.
The total number of ways to select three parts from a total of twelve is ¹²C₃ = 220.
The number of possible ways for an inspector to identify just one defective part is:
²C₁×¹⁰C₂ = 2×45
²C₁×¹⁰C₂ = 90
The likelihood that the inspector will discover exactly one nonconforming part is provided by:
P (x=1) = (²C₁×¹⁰C₂)/¹²C₃
= 99/220
P (x=1) = 0.4091
The inspector has a 0.4091 chance of finding exactly one nonconforming part.
Now, the probability that inspector finds no nonconforming parts is given by:
P (x=0) = ¹⁰C₃×¹²C₃
= 120/220
P (x=0) = 0.5455
Therefore, the inspector has a 0.5455 chance of finding exactly none nonconforming part.
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The complete question is-
Plastic parts produced by an injection-molding operation are checked for conformance to specifications. Each tool contains 12 cavities in which parts are produced, and these parts fall into a conveyor when the press opens. An inspector chooses 3 parts from among the 12 at random. Two cavities are affected by a temperature malfunction that results in parts that do not conform to specifications. what is the probability that the inspector finds exactly one nonconforming part?