Answer:
Expected Cost = $60,000
Present Value of Expected Cost = $45,079
Explanation:
The chance that the bankruptcy will happen is 30% and the cost it will incur if it happens is $200,000. The expected cost is the probability of the event happening multiplied by the cost of the event happening.
Expected Cost = 200,000 * 0.3
= $60,000
The present value of this cost assuming a discount rate of 10% is;
= 
= $45,078.89
= $45,079
<u>TC</u> Units
$64,500 (High) 2,470
} $30,700 } 2000
$33,800( Low) 470
<u>VC</u><u> </u><u>per</u><u> </u><u>Unit</u><u> </u><u>=</u><u> </u><u> </u> 30 700 ÷ 2000 = $15.35
when 470 units are sold,( substitute vc per unit = 15.35)
TC = FC + VC
33, 800 = FC + ( 15.35× 470)
FC = $ 26 586
Answer:
b. contingency approach to management.
Explanation:
The Contingency Approach to management tells us that there is no best style of management.
The Employees should in turn push to encourage to adopt situation specific management approach since It gives them an opportunity to explore new things and problem specific solutions.
Answer:
d) Organizational culture
Explanation:
Organization culture is the assumptions, beliefs, values, and ways of interactions that make an organization unique. It the organization's established ways of doing things.
Organization culture will include experiences, expectations, and philosophies that guide its members. Members of an organization express culture by the way they interact internally and with the outside world. Culture incorporates customs, attitudes, written and unwritten rules of an organization.
<u>The substitution bias causes an inflation rate calculated using a fixed basket of goods over time to overstate the true rise in the cost of living because it does not take into account that people can substitute away from goods whose prices rise disproportionately.</u>
Explanation:
<u>When the price of a good rises, consumers tend to purchase less of it and to seek out substitutes instead</u>.
<u>On the other hand , if the price of a good falls, people will tend to purchase more of it and not opt for its substitutes</u>
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This concept implies that goods with generally rising prices should tend over time to become less important in the overall basket of goods used to calculate inflation, while goods with falling prices should tend to become more important for the calculation of inflation
The <u>quality/new goods bias</u> causes inflation calculated using a fixed basket of goods over time to overstate the true rise in cost of living <u>because improvements in the quality of existing goods and the invention of new goods are not taken into account.
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