The correct answer is option (c) Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics is a theory that describes how the earth's lithosphere moves.
<h3>Plate tectonics: what is it?</h3>
A tectonic plate, also known as a lithospheric plate, is a substantial slab of solid rock with an uneven shape that is typically made up of both continental and oceanic lithosphere. The Pacific and Antarctic Plates are among the largest plates, but they can range in size from a few hundred to thousands of kilometers broad.
<h3>What causes tectonic plates to form?</h3>
Cooler portions of the Earth's crust were dragged downward into the warmer upper mantle starting about 4 billion years ago, causing damage to and weakening of the surrounding crust. According to the authors, this cycle repeated itself until the weak spots established plate borders.
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