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vaieri [72.5K]
1 year ago
11

If the researchers replaced the bacterial proton pump with a proton pump that was activated only by atp, what result would you p

redict?
Biology
1 answer:
AnnyKZ [126]1 year ago
4 0

If the researchers replaced the bacterial proton pump with a proton pump that was activated only by atp then less ATP would be produced when the light is on because no proton gradient would be available to produce ATP.

<h3>What is proton gradient ?</h3>

Two quinol (4H+4e) oxidations at the Qo site result in the formation of one quinol (2H+2e) at the Qi site, creating a proton gradient (in total six protons are translocated: two protons reduce quinone to quinol and four protons are released from two ubiquinol molecules).

For the ETC to continue functioning, the energy trapped in the electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane must also be released in some manner. ATP is created using the energy in the proton electrochemical gradient.

Chemiosmotic coupling is the process by which ATP synthesis is coupled to the electrochemical gradient of H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Peter Mitchell, who in 1961 made the initial suggestion, was given the Nobel Prize for his efforts in 1978.

To learn more about proton gradient from the given link:

brainly.com/question/28046848

#SPJ4

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Build the hierarchy of Federal Courts below:
guajiro [1.7K]

Answer:

Supreme Court (top)

Courts of Appeal (middle)

District Courts (bottom)

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
Discuss and explain the correlation between thirst and kidney function​
Pachacha [2.7K]

The correlation between thirst and kidney function is the following:

Thirst is the regulator of the state of hydration, necessary to eliminate the osmotic load, it can help preserve kidney function.

The instantaneous perception of osmolarity in the blood allows us to generate the sensation of thirst.

In other words, this sensation is in turn caused by a high concentration of osmolytes (compounds that affect osmosis, or the way it is measured, osmolality or osmolarity) or by hypovolemia.

The receptors that control cellular dehydration are called osmoreceptors and are located in the lateral preoptic area.

Osmoreceptors detect this decrease in cellular water and trigger thirst, as well as the release of Anti-Diuretic Hormone into the bloodstream.

Antidiuretic hormone helps regulate the amount of water in the body by controlling the amount of water excreted by the kidneys.

Therefore, we can conclude that the sensation of thirst appears the sodium concentration is higher than normal, when drinking water, the concentration gradient is reduced, which allows the normal functioning of kidney function.

Learn more here: brainly.com/question/6365240

3 0
3 years ago
The greenhouse effect plays a major role in the climate of a planet. Visit the Greenhouse Effect AstroTour, and use what you lea
Lesechka [4]

B. If there were no greenhouse effect, liquid water would not exist on the surface of the Earth

D. The Earth has reached thermal equilibrium, emitting the same amount of energy into space as it absorbs from the Sun.

E. The more carbon dioxide there is in an atmosphere, the stronger the greenhouse effect will be

Explanation:

The greenhouse effect plays major role in the climate of our planet in diverse ways:

  • it is responsible for the existence of liquid water on the surface of the earth.
  • it allows the earth to reach an equilibrium with space in exchange of thermal energy.
  • carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has huge roles.

The greenhouse effects results from the abundance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These gases are able to prevent long wave solar radiation from leaving the surface of the earth. When the gases interacts with the radiation, it produces heat that warms the earth surface. Examples of these gases are carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor e.t.c.

The warming of the surface helps to free freshwater trapped as ice and keeps it in the liquid form throughout.

In this exchange of energy, there is a balance between the amount of heat absorbed and radiated back into the atmosphere. As energy enters the earth, it is also radiated out into space. This helps to keep the earth temperature in balance.

Learn more:

Greenhouse emission brainly.com/question/4580761

#learnwithBrainly

7 0
3 years ago
What are 4 elements that comprise over 95% of the human body?
Igoryamba
They are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
4 0
3 years ago
Please help. What safeguards are in place to protect Americans from unsafe food? Are these methods science-based?
Helga [31]

Answer: The FDA and USDA cerate food safety programs, safeguards to protect Americans, to protect people from unsafe food. The FDA has monitoring programs for pathogens, naturaltoxins, pesticides, etc.; their methods are science-based.

4 0
3 years ago
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