The smooth endoplasmic reticulum manufactures lipids and carbohydrates.
The Rough endoplasmic reticulum assists in the synthesis of proteins and send them to the Golgi bodies.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous membrane structure that divides into flattened sacs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It has a variety of roles but is notably crucial for protein synthesis, folding, modification, and transport.
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum: Its name comes from the rough texture of its outer (cytoplasmic) surface, which is caused by the presence of ribosomes there. Rough ER is located next to the cell nucleus, and the nuclear envelope's outer membrane is continuous with its membrane.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: It is distinct from ribosomes and has a different set of functions. The synthesis of lipids, including as cholesterol and phospholipids, which are needed to create new cellular membranes, is carried out by the smooth ER. Smooth ER is crucial for the synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol in certain cell types.
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