Question

By what mechanisms do these two regulatory processes modulate trp operon transcript levels?

Answer 1

The trp operon is a group of genes that code for enzymes involved in the synthesis of tryptophan, an amino acid.

The regulation of these genes is done by two regulatory processes:

• Transcriptional attenuation
• Post-transcriptional attenuation.

Transcriptional attenuation is the process by which transcription of a gene is reduced by the binding of regulatory proteins to the DNA at or near the promoter region. Post-transcriptional attenuation is a process where degradation of RNA molecules occurs after they are transcribed from DNA, but before they are translated into protein.

How do they modulate trp operon transcript levels?

• The trp operon is a system of genes that encode the enzymes needed to synthesize tryptophan from indole-3-glycerol phosphate.
• The transcription of these genes is controlled by a repressor protein. When tryptophan levels are high, the repressor binds to the operator and prevents transcription. When tryptophan levels are low, the repressor is not bound to the operator and transcription can proceed.

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