Question

Social loafing occurs when an individual exerts less effort in a group because of the ______ accountability for individual effort.

Answer 1

Social loafing occurs when an individual exerts less effort in a group because of the decreased accountability for individual effort.

   Social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work with a group then working alone. It is therefore observed that groups are sometimes less productive than when the members are working as individuals. Max Ringelman, a French professor demonstrated this phenomenon by the example of rope pulling. He made people pull on ropes, both separately and in groups and measured and compared how hard they pulled. The experiment indicated that the members of a group exerted less pressure than did individuals alone.

   The main reason for members of the group to exert less pressure stems from individual members' feeling that their efforts will not matter to the group. Several studies found the most prevalent motivational origins of social loafing to be the lack of an understanding of individual contributions, unchallenging tasks given to the individual, low personal satisfaction from the task, and lack of a united group.

     

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