Answer:
Option: The colonists were being taxed without having any representation in parliament.
Explanation:
The British taxes contributed to the colonist's disdain for British because they imposed by Acts which required them to pay taxes. To pay off the debt, after winning the French and Indian War, the British issued the Stamp Act in the colonies which provoked the settlers as they stated 'Taxation without representation'. It became a political slogan because colonists paid taxes to authority without having any say in that government's policies (British).
<span>C. considered constitutional
Plessy V. Ferguson Supreme Court (1896) decided that segregation laws are constitutional. The ruling upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the premise of "separate but equal". However, facilities were in fact not equal and it wasn’t until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that segregation ruled unconstitutional.</span>
Kaiser Wilhelm I changed the power structure in Europe by beating Austria in the Seven Weeks' War, creating the North German Federation and unifying Germany to become one of the most powerful nation-states in Europe.
<h3>
How Germany became powerful in the 19th Century</h3>
During the reign of Prussian kaiser Wilhelm I, Prussian army was modernized by reforms done by general Helmuth von Moltke, industrialization was fostered in economy and Otto von Bismarck increased the influence of Prussia by the construction of a complex system of alliances in Europe that weakened Austria, isolated France and put the rest of German states into Prussia's sphere of influence.
Two fact fostered an scenario of German unification led by Prussia:
- The Prussian victory against Austria in the Seven Weeks' War (1.866), which meant that the latter had to renounce to the leadership of an eventual unification of the German states into one state-nation. This was followed by the formation of North German Federation (1.867), where Prussia was the hegemonic state.
- The defeat of France against Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War (1.870), which was followed by the formation of the German Empire (1.871), one of the most powerful and industrialized countries in the Europe of its time.
Therefore, kaiser Wilhelm I changed the power structure in Europe by beating Austria in the Seven Weeks' War, creating the North German Federation and unifying Germany to become one of the most powerful nation-states in Europe.
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Ancient Greece was divided into a collection of city-states (or Polis) because the population centers were isolated by the many islands, peninsulas and mountains that Ancient Greece had. Because of its geography, it made more sense for each Poli to have a government on their own.