Erosion by sea waves and other currents and solution processes include cliffs, coves, caves, indented coastline, stacks, chimneys, arch, inlets, wave-cut platforms etc.
Name of the five formation/shape created by wave action are:
Cliffs:
Steep rocky coast rising almost vertically above sea water is called sea cliff which is very precipitous with overhanging crest . The steepness of true vertical cliffs depends on variations of lithology and geological structure and relative rate of sub-aerial weathering and erosion of cliff face and crest and marine erosion of cliff base.
Wave-Cut Platform:
Rock-cut flat surfaces in front of cliffs are called wave-cut platforms or simply shore platforms which are slightly concave upward. The origin and development of wave-cut platforms is related to cliff recession. These are also called wave-cut benches.
Sea caves :
Sea caves are formed along the coast due to gradual erosion of weak and strongly jointed rocks by up-rushing breaker waves (surf currents). The joints are widened into large cavities and hollows which are further enlarged due to gradual wave erosion into well-developed coastal caves.
Arches:
An opening through a headland, formed by wave erosion or solution (as by the enlargement of a sea cave, or by the meeting of two sea caves from opposite sides), which leaves a bridge of rock over the water. Also known as marine arch; marine bridge; sea bridge.
Sea stack:
A stack or sea stack is a geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast, formed by wave erosion. Stacks are formed over time by wind and water, processes of coastal geomorphology.
These are the different types of formation and shapes created by Erosion by sea wave and other currents
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