Frost is a thin coating of ice that forms on solid surfaces when water vapour from an environment above freezing comes into contact with a surface that is below freezing. As the water vapour approaches the freezing point, it transforms from a gas into a solid known as ice. In temperate areas, it often appears as delicate white crystals on surfaces close to the ground; in frigid climates, it occurs in a wider range of shapes. The process of nucleation is how crystal formation spreads.
Fractal process development causes the ice crystals of frost to form.
The level of frost crystals varies according to how long they have been forming and how much water vapour is present (humidity).
Frost crystals come in a variety of colours, including black, transparent, and white.
When a mass of frost crystals scatters light evenly, the covering of frost appears white.
In addition to window frost on glass surfaces, advection frost from cold wind over cold surfaces, black frost without visible ice at low temperatures and very low humidity, and rime under supercooled wet conditions are some types of frost.
Crystalline frost, also known as hoar frost or radiation frost, results from the deposition of water vapour from low humidity air.
When the temperature drops low enough to cause the water in the plant tissue's cells to freeze, plants that have developed in warmer climes incur harm.
"Frost damage" refers to the tissue harm caused by this procedure.
Farmers in areas where crop damage from frost is known to occur frequently make significant investments to safeguard their crops from such harm.
