Space race was a race for world powers to reach space ahead of everyone else. The space race consisted with The U.S. and The U.S.S.R reaching space. Ultimately, The U.S.S.R won, but the U.S won by landing on the moon.
The answer is the first one.
Germany became two separate countries.
They both excelled in the field of astronomy <span />
Because the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.