Acetic acid is miscible with water. Would you expect carboxylic acids with general formula CH₃(CH₂)n COOH to become more or less water soluble as n increases? Explain.
Answer:
The carboxylic acids with general formula CH3(CH2)n COOH have both polar and nonpolar ends. Therefore, it can form Hydrogen bonds with the polar -OH group. Thus, it can be exchangeable with the H-bonds of water molecules which soluble the acid in water.
When the size of the nonpolar hydrocarbon chain increases, it undergoes dipole induced dipole interactions with water molecules It reduces the formation of hydrogen bond. Therefore, the carboxylic acids molecules cannot replace the hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Thus, carboxylic acids become insoluble in water.
Therefore, with the increase in n, the solubility of carboxylic acids in water decreases.
A carboxylic acid is an natural acid that incorporates a carboxyl institution attached to an R-institution. the general formula of a carboxylic acid is R−COOH or R−CO₂H, with R relating to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or different institution. Carboxylic acids arise extensively. important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids.
What are the first five carboxylic acids?
Carboxylic acids are derivatives of hydrocarbons in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon have been changed with the aid of a carboxyl institution. the primary four carboxylic acids derived from alkanes are methanoic acid (HCOOH), ethanoic acid (CH3COOH), propanoic acid (C2H5COOH) and butanoic acid (C3H7COOH).
what is carboxylic acid used for?
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are used inside the production of polymers, biopolymers, coatings, adhesives, and pharmaceutical drugs. additionally they can be used as solvents, food additives, antimicrobials, and flavorings.
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