Question

Dynamic membrane depolarization is an early regulator of ependymoglial cell response to spinal cord injury in axolotl

Answer 1

• Salamanders, like the Mexican axolotl, are a number of the few vertebrates fortunate in their ability to regenerate diverse structures after injury. Unlike mammals they're ready to regenerate a totally functional neural structure after injury.
• However, the molecular circuitry required to initiate a pro-regenerative response after medulla spinalis injury isn't well understood. to handle this question we developed a neural structure injury model in axolotls and employed in vivo imaging of labeled ependymoglial cells to characterize the response of those cells to injury.
• Using in vivo imaging of ion sensitive dyes we identified that neural structure injury induces a rapid and dynamic change within the resting membrane potential of ependymoglial cells. Prolonged depolarization of ependymoglial cells after injury inhibits ependymoglial cell proliferation and subsequent axon regeneration.
• Using transcriptional profiling we identified c-Fos as a key voltage sensitive early response gene that's expressed specifically within the ependymoglial cells after injury. This data establishes that dynamic changes within the membrane potential after injury are essential for regulating the particular spatiotemporal expression of c-Fos that's critical for promoting faithful medulla spinalis regeneration in axolotl.

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