The year 1821 is important in the history of Texas because it was the year when Spain granted independence to the colony of Mexico, and Stephen F. Austin brings 300 families to Texas.
The Spanish ratified a treaty acknowledging Mexico's independence on September 27, 1821. Moses Austin's son Stephen had to renegotiate the land grant and settlements with the new Mexican government because Moses Austin had been given permission by Spain to bring American families to Texas.
During the 1820s and 1830s, the newly independent Mexican Republic rejected all American offers to purchase Texas but agreed to give large amounts of cheap land to American settlers in exchange for their conversion to Catholicism, acquisition of Spanish language proficiency, and adoption of Mexican citizenship.
The Spanish build buffer colonies in New Spain's northeast in response to French expansion. Three missions—Los Adaes, La Bahia, and Mission—are established by Franciscan missionaries under the leadership of Antonio de San Buenaventura Olivares.
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