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SpyIntel [72]
1 year ago
8

If a plaintiff wishes to recover damages that are meant to punish the defendant and deter future wrongdoers from similar behavio

r, that plaintiff is seeking _____ damages?.
Law
1 answer:
mina [271]1 year ago
8 0

Punitive damages are those sought by a plaintiff who wants to hold the defendant accountable and deter future wrongdoers from acting in the same way.

<h3><u>How do punitive damages work?</u></h3>

In addition to compensatory damages, a defendant who is found guilty of a crime or wrong is also required to pay punitive damages. When compensatory damages, or the money paid to the injured party, are deemed to be insufficient, they are granted.

Punitive damages go above and beyond reimbursing the wronged party. They are intended specifically to punish defendants whose actions are deemed to be willful or grossly negligent. Since they are meant to serve as a warning to prevent repeat offenses, punitive damages are also known as exemplary damages.

Learn more about punitive damages with the help of the given link:

brainly.com/question/14265086

#SPJ4

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4 0
3 years ago
Trace the history of public law enforcement in the United States across any century.
Vikki [24]

Answer:

The development of policing in the United States closely followed the development of policing in England. In the early colonies policing took two forms. It was both informal and communal, which is referred to as the “Watch,” or private-for-profit policing, which is called “The Big Stick” (Spitzer, 1979).

The watch system was composed of community volunteers whose primary duty was to warn of impending danger. Boston created a night watch in 1636, New York in 1658 and Philadelphia in 1700. The night watch was not a particularly effective crime control device. Watchmen often slept or drank on duty. While the watch was theoretically voluntary, many “volunteers” were simply attempting to evade military service, were conscript forced into service by their town, or were performing watch duties as a form of punishment. Philadelphia created the first day watch in 1833 and New York instituted a day watch in 1844 as a supplement to its new municipal police force (Gaines, Kappeler, and Vaughn 1999).

Augmenting the watch system was a system of constables, official law enforcement officers, usually paid by the fee system for warrants they served. Constables had a variety of non-law enforcement functions to perform as well, including serving as land surveyors and verifying the accuracy of weights and measures. In many cities constables were given the responsibility of supervising the activities of the night watch.

These informal modalities of policing continued well after the American Revolution. It was not until the 1830s that the idea of a centralized municipal police department first emerged in the United States. In 1838, the city of Boston established the first American police force, followed by New York City in 1845, Albany, NY and Chicago in 1851, New Orleans and Cincinnati in 1853, Philadelphia in 1855, and Newark, NJ and Baltimore in 1857 (Harring 1983, Lundman 1980; Lynch 1984). By the 1880s all major U.S. cities had municipal police forces in place.

These “modern police” organizations shared similar characteristics: (1) they were publicly supported and bureaucratic in form; (2) police officers were full-time employees, not community volunteers or case-by-case fee retainers; (3) departments had permanent and fixed rules and procedures, and employment as a police officers was continuous; (4) police departments were accountable to a central governmental authority (Lundman 1980).

In the Southern states the development of American policing followed a different path. The genesis of the modern police organization in the South is the “Slave Patrol” (Platt 1982). The first formal slave patrol was created in the Carolina colonies in 1704 (Reichel 1992). Slave patrols had three primary functions: (1) to chase down, apprehend, and return to their owners, runaway slaves; (2) to provide a form of organized terror to deter slave revolts; and, (3) to maintain a form of discipline for slave-workers who were subject to summary justice, outside of the law, if they violated any plantation rules. Following the Civil War, these vigilante-style organizations evolved in modern Southern police departments primarily as a means of controlling freed slaves who were now laborers working in an agricultural caste system, and enforcing “Jim Crow” segregation laws, designed to deny freed slaves equal rights and access to the political system.

The key question, of course, is what was it about the United States in the 1830s that necessitated the development of local, centralized, bureaucratic police forces? One answer is that cities were growing. The United States was no longer a collection of small cities and rural hamlets. Urbanization was occurring at an ever-quickening pace and old informal watch and constable system was no longer adequate to control disorder. Anecdotal accounts suggest increasing crime and vice in urban centers. Mob violence, particularly violence directed at immigrants and African Americans by white youths, occurred with some frequency. Public disorder, mostly public drunkenness and sometimes prostitution, was more visible and less easily controlled in growing urban centers than it had been rural villages (Walker 1996). But evidence of an actual crime wave is lacking. So, if the modern American police force was not a direct response to crime, then what was it a response to?

Explanation:

5 0
2 years ago
Based on the author's description,which best describes the writer that Jamal needs
Anit [1.1K]

Answer:

The question is incomplete. This is the complete question:

After lunch, the junior representatives listened to an author read from her work. Jamal’s mom had given him some money to get a souvenir of his big day, and jamal decided to buy the author’s book. When she was done with her presentation, jamal approached her and asked if she had any copies for sale. The woman gave him a copy for free and even wrote an inscription inside. She wrote, "I hope you had a blast during the conference. I wish I had someone as ambitious as you working on my campaign. Jamal was touched by her words. He shook the woman’s hand and went back to join the other junior representatives. Based on the author’s description, which word best describes the writer that jamal meets?

a) careless

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d) disappointing

The answer is b): generous.

Explanation:

The answer is “generous” because when Jamal approached the writer, he likely intended to buy a copy of the writer’s book. However, the writer, a woman, gave Jamal a copy of her book for free, and also inspired him by inscribing the following words inside the book: “I wish I had someone as ambitious as you working on my campaign”. These two acts from the writer point to the fact that the writer was generous with her book, and words of inspiration.

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3 years ago
Primarily, the debate over the Patriot Act centers on
choli [55]

Answer:B

Explanation:

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3 years ago
Which of the following correctly describes the actions taken in the process represented by section J?
mixas84 [53]

Answer:

maybe the answer would be d

4 0
2 years ago
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