This geological process is called Mantle drag .
What is Mantle drag?
According to the first driving mechanism, known as mantle drag, plate motion is the consequence of viscous drag brought on by the lateral motion of the tops of mantle convection cells in the asthenosphere on the base of the lithosphere . Convection cells would thus be mostly absent beneath continents, rising beneath oceanic ridges, and dropping beneath trenches. This idea states that the oceanic lithosphere would be in a state of tension at the ocean ridges and compression at the trenches.
Due to their connection to accretive and destructive plate boundaries, the horizontal widths of the convection cells causing mantle drag would be projected to be around half an ocean's breadth, or 3000 km.
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