Well, the cows may reproduce more or less, or they may vary in actions like eat more, act strange/or as wanted, or react to their sorroundings differently. Genetically altered cows may also be affected in the forms of health, diet, and the way they look.
Answer:
Throughout the explanation segment, the description of the query is presented below.
Explanation:
- The turbidity spectrometer depending on the intensity isn't a trustworthy indication of microbial cell numbers. However, these should still be utilized as parameter estimates instead of the exact numbers.
- Benefits at all from the measurement of the radiation reflected by both acutely and chronically organisms, since adsorption capacities change as a result of the current microbiological composition.
Answer:
Explanation:
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1). The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule.
During translation, which is the second major step in gene expression, the mRNA is "read" according to the genetic code, which relates the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence in proteins (Figure 2). Each group of three bases in mRNA constitutes a codon, and each codon specifies a particular amino acid (hence, it is a triplet code). The mRNA sequence is thus used as a template to assemble—in order—the chain of amino acids that form a protein
But where does translation take place within a cell? What individual substeps are a part of this process? And does translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? The answers to questions such as these reveal a great deal about the essential similarities between all species.
Answer:
Coprolites are the type of fossils which can tell the scientist what dinosaurs ate.
Explanation:
A Coprolites is fossilized faeces.They are classified as trace fossils as opposed to body fossils as they give evidence for the animal's behaviour rather than morphology.This name is derived from Greek words.They were first described by William Buckland in 1829.
enzymes are proteins that speeds up the rate of chemical reaction in a living organism . An enzyme acts as catalyst for specific chemical reaction, converting a specific sets of reactants called substrates into specific products with out enzymes life would not be exist
Explanation:
Enzymes are identified to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. Enzymes' specificity appears in their unusual three-dimensional structures. Like all enzymes, enzymes improve the reaction rate by decreasing its activation potential.