Answer:
0.2143 = 21.43% probability that a contestant wins the game if he/she gets to select 4 of the buckets.
Step-by-step explanation:
The buckets are chosen without replacement, which means that the hypergeometric distribution is used to solve this question.
Hypergeometric distribution:
The probability of x sucesses is given by the following formula:
In which:
x is the number of sucesses.
N is the size of the population.
n is the size of the sample.
k is the total number of desired outcomes.
Combinations formula:
is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.
In this question:
8 covered buckets, so N = 8.
4 buckets are selected, so n = 4.
2 contain a ball, which means that k = 2.
Find the probability that a contestant wins the game if he/she gets to select 4 of the buckets.
This is P(X = 2). So
0.2143 = 21.43% probability that a contestant wins the game if he/she gets to select 4 of the buckets.