The author makes the claim that states in core areas of civilization grew larger, while smaller states began to decline. Identify and explain two examples that prove this argument.
States in core areas of civilization grew larger because of cultural and technological progression. For example, the Song Dynasty in China was maintained for a long period of time due to the advancements that occurred. Also, the Chola Kingdom and Vijayanagar Empire used trade to construct strong states. Smaller states declined due to the lack of innovation.
A civilization is a sophisticated human culture that typically consists of several cities and has specific traits in terms of its cultural and technological advancement. Early civilizations were developed in many regions of the world when people started settling in urban areas. Even among today's anthropologists, the question of what constitutes a civilisation and which societies fit under that umbrella is contentiously debated. Civitas, the Latin word for "city," is related to the word "civilization." This is the reason why the simplest definition of the term "civilization" is "a society composed of cities. However, anthropologists and other early adopters of the term used the terms "civilization" and "civilized society" to distinguish between societies they believed to have superior cultures (of which they were frequently a part) and those they believed to have inferior cultures.
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