Answer:
Explanation:
Protein deeply embedded in the bilayer are called integral membrane proteins. Most of this integral membrane proteins span the whole bilayer and they are called Transmembrane protein.
Because many molecules and ions can not pass through the hydrophobic core of the cell membrane they need a carrier mediated transport to go in and out of the cell. Transmembrane protein serves as channels, receptors (hormones, growth factors, neurotransmitter), tissue specific antigens, ion channels, membrane based enzymes etc that moves in and out of the cell.
ATP is broken down to ADP and Pi when energy is required to carry out the metabolic process. ATP is also released during the metabolic process.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The pumping of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane creates concentration gradient where there is higher concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower.
ATP synthase behaves as a channel protein thereby helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also has the ability to act as an enzyme, forming ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
After passing through the electron transport chain, the used electrons joins with oxygen to form water. That is why oxygen is required. In the absence of oxygen, this process will not occur.
Answer:
The next step would be the bottom left corner.
Explanation:
This phase is called Anaphase 1.
Hope this helps!
Following the requirement of question I have attached a picture of phylogenetic tree.
Here is the source publication PNAS June 26, 2012 109 (26) 10293-10297
Reflex arc which can act on an impulse before that impulse reaches the brain.
