Question

a manufacturing machine has a 5% defect rate. if 7 items are chosen at random, what is the probability that at least one will have a defect?

Answer 1

The probability of selecting at least one defective item at random is 0.3017.

The probability of an event occurring at least once will be calculated as the complement of the probability of the event never occurring. You can use exponents to multiply the number of events that occurred when calculating this amount.

Defect rate = P(defect) = 0.05

Probability is defined as the required outcome divided by the total number of possible outcomes.

P( at least 1 is defective) = 1 - P(none is defective)

P(not defective) = 1 - P(defective) = 1 - 0.05 = 0.95

P(none is defective) = P(non defective)^7

P(none defective) = 0.95× 0.95 × 0.95 × 0.95 × 0.95× 0.95× 0.95=0.6983

P(at least one is defective) = 1 - 0.6983 = 0.3017

Therefore, probability of at least one defective item is 0.3017.

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