Theocracy. Theocracy, government by divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as divinely guided. In many theocracies, government leaders are members of the clergy, and the state's legal system is based on religious law.
Rural settlement means people living in rural areas, that is, not in the cities (which are urban areas).
Less and less people live in rural areas because there are less jobs there than in the city as our farming becomes more and more industrialized - before more people had to work on the farm, as more things had to be done by hand.
A.enforces because the others so the other stuff
The answer is B. climate is the general weather pattern of an area over many years.