Answer:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning)
Explanation:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning) is not about the direct threaten of stimulus but it is about the indirect threaten of the stimulus. It involves disturbances in emotional and behavioral stimuli. This type of conditioning occurs with the people who faced any type of trauma in their life.
It occurs with the pairing of the situation with the traumatic situation. This conditioning includes negative emotions as well as less or neutral cues related to the situation. Thus the neutral cue creates the same disturbance as happened in the original situation.
Thus here in the above context, Fred's dog was conditioned at the sound of the bell for salvation. After that Fred associated the bell with another stimulus like a whistling sound.
Fred's dog even then salivate when it hears the sound of the whistle, he never heard before. This illustrates the second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning.
Answer: Option A
Explanation: Attributions are inferences people make from events or behaviours ,it might be from someone attitude or an event. We have external and internal type of attribution.
From the above options, there are all attributions but situational attributions are attributions people make from situational events that may one way or the other affect them.
The best option from the options above is option A, Randy doesn't like dirty dishes and what he met in the kitchen was something he doesn't like and the cause of this event is the laziness of his daughter which he blames.
The Emancipation Proclamation came about one year before the Gettysburg Address was made.Hope it helps!!
