Cultural: The Enlightenment philosophy desacralized the authority of the monarchy and the Catholic Church, and promoted a new society based on reason instead of traditions.
Social: The emergence of an influential bourgeoisie which was formally part of the Third Estate (commoners) but had evolved into a caste with its own agenda and aspired to political equality with the clergy (First Estate) and the aristocracy (Second Estate).
Financial: France's debt, aggravated by French involvement in the American Revolution, led Louis XVI to implement new taxations and to reduce privileges.
Political: Louis XVI faced strong opposition from provincial parlements which were the spearheads of the privileged classes' resistance to royal reforms.
Economic: The deregulation of the grain market, advocated by liberal economists, resulted in an increase in bread prices. In periods of bad harvests, it would lead to food scarcity which would prompt the masses to revolt.
corruption and civil wars and major government disputes
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
for those in the past, people with different phenotypes were called "animals" and non-human.
Answer:
The answer represents the interpretation of both the query given.
Explanation:
- The Roman Empire was an ancient Roman humankind's comment-Republican era, marked by an authoritarian system of government including vast territorial possessions throughout Europe, Asia as well as Africa across the Mediterranean this same 500-year-old Empire, that also accompanied it, had already been destabilized by several battles.
- The transformation from Republic towards Empire was characterized by many incidents, along with the naming of Julius Caesar as a perpetual emperor, the Battle of Actium as well as the awarding by both the Roman Senate including its honorary Augustus to Octavian.
- That the very first 2 decades of both the Empire were an era recognized as either the Pax Romana of unparalleled peace and prosperity. Mostly during tenure under Trajan, it achieved its fullest degree.