Answer:
Maryland was a slave state that surrounded Washington, D.C., on the north, east, and south.
Explanation:
In 1861, the American Civil War began. The population of the state was divided. Many wanted their secession from the Union and the union of the state with the newly formed Confederate States of America - of a slave-like character. Others, in turn, wanted the state to remain in the Union - the industrialized northern states of the United States, or the United States itself, which were against slavery.
The Union wasted no time in expecting if Maryland remained in the Union or moved to the Confederacy. This is because the state of Virginia was one of the states that left the United States. If Maryland also seceded, the American capital, Washington, DC, located between Maryland and Virginia, would be completely surrounded by the Confederacy. Union troops invaded Maryland early in the war, and the state participated throughout the American Civil War as a northern state. Several of the state's men fought on the Union side. But many others fled Maryland and joined Confederate troops. Maryland was the scene of numerous battles, including the Battle of Antietam, where more than 22,000 soldiers (12,000 Northerners and 10,000 Southerners) died in a single day. In 1864, Maryland passed a new constitution abolishing slavery and taking severe penalties on citizens who had endured the Confederacy.