No candidate in the election of 1824 received of a majority of electoral college votes and so the 12th Amendment was needed so as to send the election to the House to decide.
The factors which lead to the rise of feudalism was the fact that people couldn't protect themselves and needed land where they could be safe considering the fact that a single peasant didn't have enough capabilities to defend himself. This lead to the fact that these peasants had to give food and goods to their lord with his army.
The meridian line is the line that splits the Earth in half from North to South.
The answer is: A) Peter (39AD) and Paul (47AD)