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The answer to your query is- D. U.V. Light and space.
Answer:
The pUC18 refers to a polylinker that is featured by enhanced multiple restriction locations. The enhanced number of restriction sites would upsurge the chance of the target DNA sequence being presented into the plasmid. If the sequence of the DNA is administered efficiently and obstructs the sequence of the LacZ gene in the restriction site, the bacteria will not be able to generate B galactosidase that cleaves X-gal.
When the X-gal in the medium does not get cleaved, the colonies become white. In case, if the DNA was not effectively presented into the host DNA and the LacZ gene can generate B galactosidase, X-gal will get cleaved and the colonies will be blue.
As the white colonies will be the hosts comprising the recombinant DNA, and pUC18 enhances the chance of DNA getting inserted, the white colonies will most probably comprise the recombinant pUC18.
Nitrogen is vital for the physiological processes of plants. Nitrogen can be supplied to the plants in the form of nitrogen fertilizers. Though nitrogen is plenty in atmosphere, plants cannot use it and it should be converted into assimilable forms of nitrogen. This is done by the process of nitrogen cycle which includes the nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification and denitrification.
The conversion of the atmospheric nitrogen into useful organic compounds by bacteria or the industrial process is called nitrogen fixation. These organic compounds are then converted into ammonia which can be assimilated by the plants through microbes by a process called ammonification. Ammonia is then converted to other assimilable form called the nitrates by nitrification mediated by bacteria. The nitrates formed is reduced back to nitrogen gas by a process called denitrification. This step of nitrogen cycle is not prefered by the farmers as it limits the availability of ammonia and nitrates to the plants.
The villi have an increased surface area