A fake clue that distracts from the relevant question at hand
Answer: He doesn’t really understand what’s going on, but he wants to be a part of it.
Explanation: took this one week ago in school
I think first sentence and last two. The first one is appealing to a pet owner's feelings of wanting to be a good pet owner and the merchant is using that to persuade them to buy the biscuits. The last two sentences are appealing to a person's feelings of loneliness or being left out and using that to convince you to buy a pool. They both appeal to people's emotions in order to persuade them towards action, that's what it means to use pathos.