Calculate bias by finding the difference between an estimate and the actual value. To find the bias of a method, perform many estimates, and add up the errors in each estimate compared to the real value. Dividing by the number of estimates gives the bias of the method.
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Answer:
Europe had autonomous universities in which scholars could pursue their studies in relative freedom from the dictates of church or state authorities.
Explanation:
Richard Nixon demonstrated his tendency toward republican liberalism on the issue of the environment.
Environment means everything that surrounds us. They can be living (biological) or non-living (abiotic). It includes physical, chemical, and other forces of nature. Organisms live in their environment. They constantly interact with it and adapt to the conditions of their environment.
The environment can be defined as the totality of all biotic and abiotic factors and their effects that affect human life. All living or biotic elements are animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds, while abiotic or abiotic elements include water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.
Based on its constituents, the environment is divided into (1) aquatic environment (sea such as seas and oceans and freshwaters such as lakes and rivers), (2) terrestrial environment (land), and (3) atmospheric environment (air). can also be classified into ).
Learn more about the environment here: brainly.com/question/17413226
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The British had an empire to run. The way that they kept their economy healthy was through a system called mercantilism. Mercantilism was a popular economic philosophy in the 17th and 18th centuries. In this system, the British colonies were moneymakers for the mother country. The British put restrictions on how their colonies spent their money so that they could control their economies. They put limits on what goods the colonies could produce, whose ships they could use, and most importantly, with whom they could trade. The British even put taxes called duties on imported goods to discourage this practice. This pushed the colonists to buy only British goods, instead of goods from other European countries
