<span>The normative goal that parties and interest groups most strongly advance is that of free speech, as both organizations give a voice to those involved in an election other than the candidate. hope this helps :)</span>
Portugal first , then Spain
It was believed that the 'spirit of party and faction' would have a negative implication because one party may feel like the government is disregarding the right of another or the good of the whole, this was according to Madison, he further stated that the consequence of this will be creation of conflict between two parties which may further lead to conflict within the country.
The answer would be C. Lincoln did not live to see the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment passed.
