Question

Match the following terms and definitions. 1active voice an ideal example or model 2. nonrestrictive clause basic form of a verb 3. passive voice the subject performs the action 4. subjunctive mood doubtful or not factual 5. infinitive the subject is acted upon 6. archetype adds extra information 7. participles a verb-formed word that can be used as an adjective

Answer 1

1. active voice = the subject performs the action
When the subject of a sentence is the one in charge of performing an action (as opposed to being acted upon), we say that this sentence is written using the active voice (as opposed to passive). For example: John is reading a book - here, John is the active subject of the sentence performing the action of reading a book.

2. nonrestrictive clause = adds extra information
If an element of a sentence is nonrestrictive, it means that it doesn't restrict its meaning. It is not essential to the overall meaning of that particular sentence, and can therefore be omitted without any change of meaning. For example: The girl, who was quite beautiful, was the first one asked to dance (here, who was quite beautiful is nonrestrictive). 

3. passive voice = the subject is acted upon
As opposed to the active voice, which we saw included a subject performing a particular action, the passive voice includes the subject which is being acted upon - a particular action is being performed on the subject. For example: The book is being read by John - here, the action of reading is being performed on the book.

4. subjunctive mood = doubtful or not factual
In the English language, there exist three moods: indicative, subjunctive, and imperative. Indicative mood deals with facts and things that can be proven; imperative mood deals with commands; subjunctive mood deals with things which are uncertain and cannot be proven for sure.

5. infinitive = the basic form of a verb
The infinitive is the basic form of a verb which you will find in a dictionary. It has the form of the word TO plus the actual verb. For example: to sing, to dance, to sleep, to play, to exercise, etc. It can be used as a verb form in a sentence, or as a noun form (as subject or object).

6. archetype = an ideal example or model
An archetype is a typical example of a particular thing. For example, in literature, Hercules could be considered an archetype of a hero; Penelope could be thought of an archetype of a faithful wife; Voldermort could be considered an archetype of a villain, etc.

7. participles = a verb-formed word that can be used as an adjective
Participles of regular verbs are formed by adding -d (to verbs ending in a vowel), or -ed (to verbs ending in a consonant). When it comes to irregular verbs, they are found in the third column of your irregular verbs list. They can be used as adjectives, as in this example: I was bored during the movie - where bored is a participle used as an adjective.