Afghanistan became an independent state when Amanullah established an alliance and signed a treaty of friendship with the Soviet Union. Hope this helps if you have any questions please feel free to message me;)
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As for Britain's response, it was initially no more than the dropping of anti-Nazi propaganda leaflets—13 tons of them—over Germany. They would begin bombing German ships on September 4, suffering significant losses. ... France would begin an offensive against Germany's western border two weeks later.
Democrat John F. Kennedy won the 1960 elction against Republican Richard Nixon.
