Yes, it means someone feels very sad suddenly.
Explanation:
The English teacher is not European.
Answer:
Students have strong reasons to get involved in debate over gun laws.
The phrase "remembering the days when he would have gone outside" is describing the man. Participial phrases always have a participial, in this case remembering and have gone, and these phrases act like adjectives to describe the subject on the sentence. The answer is participial phrase.