The main reason why the Framers saw a need for a national court system is because they knew the states would be interconnected, and would therefore need courts to deal with issues that "crossed borders".
Montesquieu's idea is that having three branches is the best, and he uses triangles as his example. His idea is also based on the checks and balances, so that not one branch wouldn't have to much power than the other.
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The United States joined NATO in 1949 because along with Canada and several Western European nations they created NATO as a military alliance during the Cold War and to also prevent the expansion of Communism in Europe.
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