Question

Match the enzymes to their role in the DNA replication process.

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

1. DNA ligase: Joins the okazaki fragments. Ligases are enzymes which help in ligating or joining. They ligate the 3' end of one DNA fragment to the 5' end of another DNA fragment by forming phosphodiester bonds.

2. DNA helicase: Unwinds the DNA molecule. The replication fork moves forward by unwinding the DNA with the help of helicase enzyme. It unwinds the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.

3. DNA polymerase: Synthesizes the complementary daughter strands. polymerase enzyme helps in adding nucleotides to the growing end i.e. 3' end of the primer.

4. Topoisomerases: Creates nicks ahead of the replication fork to relieve tension from unwinding. It is also known as DNA gyrase.

5. RNA primase: DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only to an existing 3' end of the DNA. For this RNA primase help in synthesiszing a small stretch of primer with free 3' end.

Answer 2

Answer with explanation:

1. Ligase  - 5. joins the Okazaki fragments together

(Ligase is involved in joining the okazaki fragments together by sealing the nicks of the DNA strand.

2. Helicase - 1. unwinds the DNA molecule

(Helicase separates the two DNA strands at the replication fork.)

3. Polymerase - 2. synthesizes the complementary daughter strands

(Polymerase synthesizes the complementary daughter strand by adding nucleotides to the DNA.)

4. Topoisomerase - 4. creates nicks ahead of the replication fork to relieve tension from unwinding

(The highly coiled DNA is relaxed by creating nick ahead of the replication fork in the phosphate backbone of DNA strands.)

5. RNA primase - 3. synthesizes RNA primer at the initiation point

(RNA primase synthesizes an RNA primer (short sequence of RNA).)