Bacteria can be transmitted by contact, ingestion, breathing in, and can also get inside open cuts in the skin. viruses ingested, air born which means you can breathe it in, you coming in contact with someone or something infected by the virus. you can also contract it from your environment in some cases.
For number one the answer is Punnet square. For number two the answer is first generation and for number three the answer is TT so letter D! I hope this helps you!