Unlike much of the rest of the Western Europe in the 13th century Italy was divided into “city-states” where middle-class citizens got power and promoted international exchange. During the late middle Ages, Northern and Central Italy wound up unmistakably more prosperous than the south of Italy, with the city-states, for example, Venice and Genoa, among the wealthiest in Europe.
The Crusades had constructed enduring exchange connects to the Levant, and the Fourth Crusade had done a lot to devastate the Byzantine Roman Empire as a business opponent to the Venetians and Genoese. The fundamental exchange courses from the east went through the Byzantine Empire or the Arab terrains and onwards to the ports of Genoa, Pisa, and Venice.
Extravagance merchandise purchased in the Levant, for example, flavors, colors, and silks, were foreign made to Italy and after that exchanged all through Europe.
number one is definitely true
The 1800's saw scientific inventions and discoveries in farming, medicine and communication. The 1800's did not see any inventions or discoveries regarding space travel. Space travel didn't start until the 1900's.
B. they were pacifists, believing violence and war were wrong.
The other allies (England, France, etc) were too war-weary and busy rebuilding their countries to really challenge them. Germany reneged on a deal regarding splitting conquered territory North and East of Germany with Russia, so Russia switched sides. Later, NATO and the UN would drive the wedge even further, Russia shut out of NATO and constantly overridden on the UN Security Council. Germany and Russia were initially allies, like-minded in their expansionist intentions. <span>It was an alliance of convenience mostly.</span>
