Answer:
The plant cell wall is strengthened by the molecular structure of cellulose. Cellulose is made up of ß-glucose arranged upside down, this arrangement aided hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen ions of the hydroxyl group and oxygen of the of the ring of same betta -glucose.
The aggregation of the hydrogen bonds give bundles of strong tensile strength of cellulose called the microfibrils (of 60-70 celluose molecules).They are held together in bundled called fibers.T<u>hese is the source of plant cell walls strength.
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Collagen is the main extracellur matrix (EM) in animal cells.It is a glycoprotein made up of 25%of body protein of animals.Each collagen molecule is made of helix shaped ,three polypeptide chains, wound around each other to form<u> triple helix.</u>The bonds holding helix together are hydrogen and covalent bonds.
Each triple helix is attached to adjacent collagen molecule, parallel to it. The covalent bonds formed a cross link which held the collagen molecules together forming FIBRILS. This gives flexibility to collagen, while maitaing strong tensile strength. This is what is responsible for the structural strength of cell membrane
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.The EM,is futher reinforced with carbohydrate molecules(proteoglycans) which<u> aided in water movements by osmosis following sodium movements into the matrix.</u>
<h2>Visceral pleura</h2>
Explanation:
The portion of the serous membrane that covers and adheres to the lung is called visceral pleura
- Pleura are the pair of membranous linings surrounding the lungs
- The visceral pleura covers each lung surface, and the parietal pleura covers the inner surface of the thoracic cavity
- The visceral pleura is a delicate membrane which dips into the fissures between the lobes of the lung
- Pleura allows the lungs to move inside the body cavity without friction as friction would cause damage to the lungs and the tissue in the chest wall
They are animal-like because they are heterotrophs, and are capable of moving
If mutation destroys the function of the Cas9 gene then the bacteria will not be able to target a specific bacteriophage for destruction upon infection for the second time.
<h3>What is the Cas9 gene?</h3>
- Cas9 is a 160 kilodalton protein that plays a vital role in the immunological defense of certain bacteria against DNA viruses and plasmids and is heavily utilized in genetic engineering applications.
- Its main function is to cut DNA and thereby alter a cell's genome.
- Although Cas9 is an endonuclease and is evolved as a mechanism of immunity against viruses, they are not considered restriction enzymes.
To learn more about the Cas9 gene,
brainly.com/question/22549100
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