Respiratory system helps in breathing and it leads to exhalation of the gas carbon dioxide which is not required by the body. The integumentary system is the first line of defense and protects the body from invadig microbes, dust, and other harmful substances. The digestive system protects the body by enabling digestio of food and providing energy to sustain, further the toxic waste materials are also released during the process.
epistatic gene
Explanation:
Some genes mask the expression of other genes just as a fully dominant allele masks the expression of its recessive counterpart. A gene that masks the phenotypic effect of another gene is called an epistatic gene; the gene it subordinates is the hypostatic gene.
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Answer:
The correct answer is -
the neurotransmitters are broken down in the synapse
The presynaptic neuron absorbs the neurotransmitters
Explanation:
The termination of the neurotransmitters is essential as if they can cause harm by continuing the stimulus effect on the muscles or cells. To clean up these neurotransmitters there are two ways- Degradation of neurotransmitters with the help of enzymes in the synapses or synaptic cleft and the presynaptic neurons absorbs or suck up neurotransmitters. The neuron (presynaptic neuron) is that releases the neurotransmitter like dopamine, serotonin, is the one that re-uptake it.
This reuptake is done by transporter proteins that are are symporters in nature as these proteins pump neurotransmitters as well as ions back into the neuron.
Answer:
Osmosis is the process of having water pass from a low concentration medium to a high concentration one, given that the barrier (membrane) is semi-permeable.
Explanation
Cells encounter osmosis due to their semi-permeable membranes. Water can flow past cell membranes. A given cell placed into distilled water will have some water flow into it, causing it to burst. A given cell placed in a very concentrated water will have some water flow out of it, causing it to shrivel. A given cell placed in a solution with the same concentration of minerals as the cell will have an equilibrium of water flowing in and out. This is the case of IV (Intravenous therapy) when we want to deliver substances into a human blood. We want to make sure the liquid delivered is as concentrated as the blood to avoid cell shriveling or bursting.
This picture above sums up the 3 cases cells could face in a solution.
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