The correct answers (c.) punctuated equilibrium.Punctuated equilibrium is a mode of evolution that the certain foraminifera (shelled protozoa) represents. It is , in fact, the hypothesis of the evolutionary development of rapid episodes that is marked between long periods of little or even with no change at all.
the growth of the parts of plants with respect to the force of gravity. The upward growth of plant shoots is an instance of negative geotropism; the downward growth of roots is positive geotropism.