The single factor tested in an experiment is - The variable
Variable is an element or factor that is meant to vary or change in an experiment. Variables are used in Algebra where they are used as a defining variable or 'x' to describe any number.
The variables can be - independent variables, dependent variables, constant variables etc.
To get the answer you have to divide the number of sweets by the number of children. If there are 675 grams and 9 children, then you divide 675/9 to get your answer of 75 sweets.