A republican form of government
In Federalist 10, Madison says there are two ways of removing the causes of factions. One way would be to remove the liberty which allows factions to form. But, he says, that would be a cure worse than the disease. The other way to keep factions from forming would be to give every citizen "the same opinions, the same passions, the same interests." But that's impossible because human beings will always have differences in their opinions, passions and interests.
Madison also expressed concerns about running a society as a complete democracy, because the interests and passions of a majority will tend to squelch and even persecute minority opinions. So, ultimately, he recommends this: "<span>A </span>republic, by which I mean a government in which the scheme of representation takes place, opens a different prospect, and promises the cure for which we are seeking" -- that is, a cure against factionalism.
The focus of Buddhism is to make each person free from suffering and find happiness.
Buddhism is a philosophy of life based on the teachings left by Siddhartha Gautama, the historical Buddha, who lived approximately between 563 and 483 BC in Nepal.
Explicit focus on enquiry helps students, parents and school management see one of the important benefits of studying history – thinking and planning a way through a problem, asking questions, undertaking research, independent thinking, making judgments, effective communication.
A researcher compares different eyewitness reports about a political protest to try to figure out exactly what happened
The Pharisees' legalistic approach led them to creating an ever-more complex system of rules, and their extra-dutiful observance of law focused on external obedience to rules more than internal attitudes of the heart.
Jewish rabbinical tradition counted 613 commands stipulated in the Law given to Israel by Moses. For the Pharisees (meaning "those who are set apart"), that wasn't enough. They sought to set themselves apart from the common man by the way they applied the Law to every detail of their lives, making their own specific rules for specific situations. So as new situations arose, new religious rules were imposed. The Pharisees' body of law was something like the US tax code in that way! They gave particular focus to all the ways that one should obey the rule of resting on the Sabbath.
In the process, the Pharisees also paid primary attention to outward adherence to rules. The spirit of the Law as originally given was aimed at conforming persons' hearts to the ways of God. But following the laws of the Pharisees became more focused on maintaining outward consistency with the rituals and regulations they had established. In regard to the Sabbath, the original intent was so that people would stop other activities in order to give full attention to God and his Word. For the Pharisees, the focus of the Sabbath became more about regulating how much activity was considered allowable or not in different situations.