<span>a.
Before slavery, Blacks were uncivilized. Hope this helps!:)</span>
Ulysses S. GrantGeneral Ulysses S. Grant led the Union Army during the later years of the civil war, and later became the President of The United States.
England concerned itself with quantity products it exported out of the country in comparison to the countries they traded with. England did not want to be left behind and be overcome by other countries especially those in Asia. They did not export much so artists and merchants started creating and inventing goods that enabled them to compete with the Asian market.
They avoided copying Asian products by imitating products form countries like France, Holland, Switzerland and Spain (which also traded with Asia) and used techniques that were proven successful methods used by these countries for a superior output.
The south disagreed with helping the former slaves, so the Freedmen's Bureau promised to help poor whites as well as former slaves, so that the african americans wouldn't have a greater education than any white person.