The last president of the U.S. to receive an actual formal declaration of war from congress was Franklin Roosevelt. It was for World War 2.
I believe that is Vertical Integration.
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Explained on other question
<span>The armies became immobile because of trench warfare. avoid the problem of fighting allied powers on two fronts. ... Economic hardships brought on by the war resulted in the downfall of the czar.</span>