Parody is an imitation of the style of a particular author.
Explanation:
Jane Eyre is almost like another version of Cinderella. Jane falls in love with the house owner who has a hidden wife. Jane and Edward separate and then they reunite and live happily ever after.
Emily Bronte's uses paradox in Wuthering Heights, which is about a rich girl named Catherine and the violent and primitive Heathcliff. The novel does not end after Catherine's death but explains Heathcliff's change.
The Bleak old shop of stuff is a parody of Charles Dickens. The story revolves around Jedrington and his family.
Stubborness or inflexibility would be appropriate synonyms for 'obstincy' as it is used in this excerpt.
Obstinacy in defence means that they are stubborn in defence - and are going to stick with it, no matter what other information comes to light.
<span>Science fiction is sometimes divided into "hard" and "soft" science fiction.</span>