Anybody born in the united states before and after the amendment have us citizenship that cannot be taken away. This also applied to previous or current slaves during the time of its enactment.
Western democracies had always been hostile to the idea of a communist state. The United States had refused recognition to the USSR for 16 years after the Bolshevik takeover. I hope my answer has come to your help. God bless and have a nice day ahead!
In the United States, it was largely "white land-holding men" who controlled vast wealth and many businesses and had great influence on US finances during this time, since they had the most political power as well.
1. Environment impact
2. Health/physical impact